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Accessibility at Aon

As a leading global professional services firm, Aon prioritizes the diverse, multifaceted needs of our clients and users. To meet such needs, the Aon Consumer Experience Design team has integrated digital accessibility into this design system.

What is accessibility, and why should we care?

“Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can use the Web. More specifically, Web accessibility means that people with disabilities can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the Web, and that they can contribute to the Web. Web accessibility also benefits others, including older people with changing abilities due to aging.” (Source: Web Accessibility Initiative).

What is Accessibility?

When talking about digital accessibility, it's helpful to group disabilities into the following three categories: physical, cognitive and temporary. The following examples are not exhaustive, but can help you understand the scope of disability.  

Physical disabilities

Low vision

Users with low vision are able to see, but have mild to moderate loss of vision in one or both eyes.

“. . . while things are still peripherally clear for me, basically everything that I look directly at is heavily impacted with little flashers and areas of blur and distortion. So, I use a variety of different assistive technology to be independent and productive in my daily life.”

Laura Allen in For this Accessibility Leader, Finding an Inclusive Workplace Changed Everything

Blindness

Users who are blind are unable to see with both eyes.

“Screen readers read image descriptions out loud. This means that blind and visually impaired people can understand the content of the image in an accessible way. If images do not have alt text, then screen readers will simply say ‘image’ or ‘graphic’ which gives no context or meaning.”

Holly Tuke in 5 most annoying website features I face as a blind person every single day

Deafness

Users who are deaf or hard of hearing (HOH.) They may or may not belong to the Deaf Community, which is considered a unique linguistic and cultural group.

“I grew up watching television without captions. Imagine how much I must have missed watching TV this way. . . I cannot imagine what my life would be like now without having captions. They're basically music for my eyes.“

Svetlana Kouznetsova in Accessibility Through the Eyes of a Deaf Professional – AngularConnect 2017

Hand tremors

Users' hands shake when they attempt to engage in activities such as typing. Hand tremors usually set in at midlife and worsen with age.

“I often have to hold my phone with two hands to type properly.“

Chandrama Anderson in I’ve Been Diagnosed with Essential Tremor (ET)

Arthritis

Users with arthritis experience pain in their joints.

Things that most people take for granted, for example sleeping, bathing, brushing one's teeth, getting dressed, making meals, and even driving a car, are extremely challenging for me.

Mrs. K.D. in Living With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Cognitive disabilities

Short attention span

Users with a short attention span are easily distracted and have trouble focusing on a task. Having a short attention span is a common symptom of ADHD and dementia.

“I tried to read my school books despite the fact that my mind wandered a thousand miles away. I would come back to what ever [sic] I had been reading wondering to myself where I had been for the last five or ten minutes. It was not that I could not remember what I had read. Rather, I had never read the page I was staring at for that period of time.“

Allan Schwartz in Attention Deficit Disorder, A Personal Account

Poor short-term memory

Users with poor short-term memory may not remember having clicked on a button or selected an option. Poor short-term memory is associated with certain medications, head trauma or injury, aging, Alzheimer's (source: National Center for Biotechnology Information), and dementia (source: NHS), among other things.

"It's hard to watch a movie or read a book if you don't have any recollection of what happened 120 seconds ago."

Geoffrey A. Kerchner in When Our Memory Fails: Recognizing Real Loss

Vertigo

Users with vertigo experience the sensation that the world around them is moving or spinning, even when everything is still. They may struggle with balance, nausea and dizziness. (source: NHS)

"I. . . have to close my eyes or cover the screen during transitions, which is ridiculous. . . Tap a folder and the view zooms in. Tap an app and it's like flying through the icon and landing in that app's micro world — and I'm getting dizzy on the journey there."

Jenni Leder in Why iOS 7 is making some users sick

Dyslexia

Users with dyslexia struggle to understand written information and confuse the order of letters and words. (source: NHS)

“The kids in my class would be able to look at letters and see words, and I would look down only to be mystified. It wasn’t that they were backwards or in the wrong direction. The only way I could describe it is that the letters floated.“

Anna Koppelman in What I Know Now

Temporary disabilities

Broken arm

May limit your ability to use a keyboard

A loud or quiet space

May make it challenging to listen to audio content

Being a non-native speaker of the language at hand

May make it challenging to listen to audio content

A poor internet connection

May result in your device being unable to load images

Digital Design System

Like usability, accessibility is not a singular effort. Rather, it is a lens through which user needs are understood and addressed. The digital design system follows many of the W3C guidelines described in WCAG 2.1, and we are engaged in ongoing efforts to continually make it more accessible.

Below are a few things we do to ensure it meets the needs of Aon's diverse users:

  • Touch points for interactive elements such as buttons are 44px, making them easy to tap on mobile devices.
  • High contrast color combinations ensure readability
  • Interactive elements are clearly identifiable.
  • Important information is conveyed using multiple indicators: color, text, shape, etc.
  • Information hierarchy is clearly structured.
  • Clear feedback is given when users complete a task.

Accessibility and Aon

Expands our market share

In addition to expanding our market share, many of Aon’s existing clients require that products be accessible.

Scope of Impact

Spending

  • Americans with disabilities represent more than $200 billion in discretionary spending. (source: US Department of Labor)
  • In the U.K., £249 billion of spending power is held by disabled people and their households (source: Purple)
  • In China, the employment rate for people with disabilities reached 80% in 2007 (source: International Labour Organization)

Internet Access

  • In the U.K., 71% of disabled internet users have a disability that impacts the way they use the internet (source: The Click-Away Pound Report 2019)
  • Those with disabilities have greater difficulty in completing insurance applications, learning about benefits, and getting reimbursed for claims (The World Bank and The Who)
Engages a diverse workforce
  • Creating an accessible workplace gives us access to a larger talent pool of roughly 10.7 million Americans. (source: Accenture)
  • People with disabilities take less time off and have higher retention rates than their non-disabled counterparts. (source: The Chicago Lighthouse)
  • Companies that prioritize disability inclusion have 28% higher revenue, 30% higher profit margins and 2x the net income than their peers. (source: Accenture)
Drives technology forward
  • Accessibility improves the user experience for everyone.
  • When you account for users on extreme ends of the spectrum, you catch everyone in the middle as well.
  • It promotes best practices in design, development, and content.
  • Accessibility is good for search engine optimization (SEO), increasing visibility on search engine page results.
  • Many of Aon's clients score highly for workplace disability inclusion. (source: Disability Equality Index)

Assistive Technologies

  • The basics…terminology definitions, an overview of what users need to know for what we’ll refer to later on in the system
  • Browser default features/things that are affected by them
  • OS features/things that are affected by them
  • General info on screen readers; Similarities & differences between them
  • How audiences leverage these different technologies

Accessibility & Color

Color is an important tool for adding meaning to design. However, colors are not seen uniformly by everyone.

Color blindness is a condition that affects up to 8% of males and 0.5% of females, making it a fairly common condition that we want to take into consideration when applying color to designs.

Types of color blindness
  • Red-green
    Difficulty distinguishing between reds, greens, browns and oranges.
  • Blue-yellow
    Difficulty distinguishing between blue and yellow, violet and red and blue and green. To these people, the world appears as generally red, pink, black, white, gray and turquoise.
  • Total
    Can see no color at all. Sight consists of different shades of grey.
Designing with color

Ensuring that colors have a large enough distinction from one another optimizes designs for users across the vision spectrum, including those with color blindness and low vision, as well as users with no visual impairments.

Providing high contrast allows all users to more quickly recognize differences in color and thereby meaning, which may improve overall user experience, including when making decisions by comparing dissimilar items. As such, designs should strive to reach a 3:1 contrast ratio between colors used in the same visual. This is the minimum requirement for AA Contrast.

EXAMPLES

times-circleDon't

Contrast Ratio: 1.68:1

Teal and Aqua, two swatches in our data
visualization palette, are too close to each other in order to achieve the proper contrast ratio.

check-circleDo

Contrast Ratio: 3.31:1

Marine and Blue is a better choice for
distinguishing between to categories.

times-circleDon't

Contrast Ratio: 2.72:1

Ensure that text on a dark background
has enough contrast to be legible.

check-circleDo

Contrast Ratio: 10.27:1

Using a light shade of gray or white at a lower opactiy provides enough contrast while not creating the visual vibration that Bright white creates.

Lorem Ipsum

times-circleDon't

Contrast Ratio: 1.89:1

Light text on white backgrounds might look
appealing, but many users will not be able to perceive text and a low contrast.

Lorem Ipsum

check-circleDo

Contrast Ratio: 3.18:1

Gray text can still be used as long as it meets minimum contrast requirements. Gray 02 creates a lower emphasis, while still providing sufficient contrast.